Dedicated to promote the future of life in space through directed panspermia. Payloads of selected microorganisms will start evolution in new solar systems. Panspermia missions can start  in this century.

Directed Panspermia: Targets and Propulsion We can soon launch panspermia missions to seed other habitable solar systems. We can target nearby stars and star-forming zones in interstellar clouds. Each mission can seed dozens of new solar systems where local life has not formed. We may launch swarms of capsules by solar sails from Earth orbit, or using shielded 10 - 100 kg payloads that will disperse into millions of capsules at the targets. Each capsule can seed a new planet, or incorporate in asteroids and comets, which will deliver them to planets later when they  can sustain life.            Biological Payload The payloads can contain microorganisms that will start a self-sustaining ecosystem: algae, bacteria, and cysts of multicellular organisms (eg., rotifers) that can  speed up higher evolution. Eventually, intelligent beings may evolve who will expand Life further in the galaxy. Panspermia Technical Paper

Directed Panspermia: Astroecology, Biomass, and the Cosmological Future of Life Meteorite materials show that asteroids and comets can sustain microorganisms. With these nutrient sources we can construct a biomass of 1E22 kg, and eventually human populations of 1E18, ie., million of trillions in each inhabited solar system similar to ours. The amount of life that will exist in each solar system can be measured as biomass integrated  over its lifetime. This can be 1E43 kg-years in each solar system, 1E48 kg-years about future red and white dwarf stars in the  galaxy, and 1E59 kg-years if all the mass / energy is use for biological resources. These future amounts of life are vastly greater than what has existed to date. Our panspermia missions can secure an immense future for Life. Astro-ecology and Cosmology

Directed Panspermia: Objectives and Ethics We are part of the family of Life. We all share the complex structures which make us unique in  Nature. As intelligent members of the family of Life,  we must therefore secure and maximize Life in the universe. With a life-centered panbiotic astroethics we can expand Life in space. The Life that we plant can expand to fill the universe. The new branches of Life will advance further, and our descendants may seek eternity. In them, our existence will find a cosmic purpose. Principles of A Panbiotic AstroEthics

Directed Panspermia: History Natural panspermia has been proposed by prominent scientists: Lord Kelvin (1880's), Svante Arrhenius (1906), and Hoyle and Wickramasinge (1970's to present), and it is considered seriously by astrobiologists. Directed panspermia was mentioned by Shklovskii and Sagan (1966) and Orgel and Crick (1973). We have been studying panspermia  missions since 1977. The Panspermia Society (SOLIS) was formed in 1995 to develop this program.  More about the Society Comments Panspermia Links Contact us: Info@solis1.com